|
〔 |Former = Colony of Virginia |Capital = Richmond |LargestCity = Virginia Beach |LargestCounty = Fairfax County |LargestMetro = Washington metropolitan area |Demonym = Virginian |Governor = Terry McAuliffe (D) |Lieutenant Governor = Ralph Northam (D) |Legislature = General Assembly |Upperhouse = Senate |Lowerhouse = House of Delegates |Senators = Mark Warner (D) Tim Kaine (D) |Representative = 8 Republicans, 3 Democrats |ElectoralVotes = 13 |PostalAbbreviation = VA |OfficialLang = English |Languages = English 85.87%, Spanish 6.41% Other 7.72% |AreaRank = 35th |TotalAreaUS = 42,774.2 |TotalArea = 110,785.67 |PCWater = 7.4 |PopRank = 12th |2010Pop = 8,326,289 (2014 est)〔 |DensityRank = 14th |2000DensityUS = 206.7 |2000Density = 79.8 |MedianHouseholdIncome = $61,044 |IncomeRank = 8th |AdmittanceOrder = 10th |AdmittanceDate = June 25, 1788 |SecededDate = April 17, 1861 |ReadmittanceDate = January 26, 1870 |TimeZone = Eastern: UTC −5/−4 |Latitude = 36° 32′ N to 39° 28′ N |Longitude = 75° 15′ W to 83° 41′ W |WidthUS = 200 |Width = 320 |LengthUS = 430 |Length = 690 |HighestPoint = Mount Rogers〔Elevation adjusted to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.〕 |HighestElevUS = 5,729 |HighestElev = 1746 |MeanElevUS = 950 |MeanElev = 290 |LowestPoint = Atlantic Ocean〔 |LowestElevUS = 0 |LowestElev = 0 |ISOCode = US-VA |Website = www.virginia.gov }} Virginia ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state located in the South Atlantic region of the United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" due to its status as the first colonial possession established in mainland British America,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Old Dominion )〕 and "Mother of Presidents" because eight U.S. presidents were born there, more than any other state. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most populous city, and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's estimated population is over 8.3 million.〔 The area's history begins with several indigenous groups, including the Powhatan. In 1607 the London Company established the Colony of Virginia as the first permanent New World English colony. Slave labor and the land acquired from displaced Native American tribes each played a significant role in the colony's early politics and plantation economy. Virginia was one of the 13 Colonies in the American Revolution and joined the Confederacy in the American Civil War, during which Richmond was made the Confederate capital and Virginia's northwestern counties seceded to form the state of West Virginia. Although the Commonwealth was under single-party rule for nearly a century following Reconstruction, both major national parties are competitive in modern Virginia.〔 The Virginia General Assembly is the oldest continuous law-making body in the New World. The state government has been repeatedly ranked most effective by the Pew Center on the States.〔 It is unique in how it treats cities and counties equally, manages local roads, and prohibits its governors from serving consecutive terms. Virginia's economy has many sectors: agriculture in the Shenandoah Valley; federal agencies in Northern Virginia, including the headquarters of the Department of Defense and CIA; and military facilities in Hampton Roads, the site of the region's main seaport. Virginia's economy changed from primarily agricultural to industrial during the 1960s and 1970s, and in 2002 computer chips became the state's leading export.〔 ==Geography== (詳細はlargest state by area. Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina and Tennessee to the south; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Virginia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|